Intrapreneurship Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1694 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Abstract Intrapreneurship is an inevitable aspect for the success and sustenance of an organisation that keeps in pace with the changing trends in the market and relies on innovative concepts for growth. Innovative ideas are usually suggested by the research and development experts of an organisation. However, research by the employees of the organisation who are well aware of the organisational objective is a cost and time effective method to venture into a new business, or to improve an existing product. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Intrapreneurship Essay Online For Free" essay for you Create order An employee who acts as an entrepreneur and researches the development of innovative ideas is called an intrapreneurial researcher. The role of intrapreneurial researchers is highly sought after in organisations that diversifies and improves its various business ventures. Introduction Intrapreneurship is beneficial for the performance and revitalization of large organizations and small and medium enterprises. Intrapreneurial research is significant to develop innovative ideas to diversify existing business with the production of new services, products and technologies. Intrapreneurial research also supports the revitalization process such as reorganization, strategy reformulation and organizational change. Intrapreneurial research is undertaken by an intrapreneur who has inherent qualities like competitiveness, initiative, aggressiveness and the courage to take risk to achieve organizational objectives. The orientation, activities and emphasis of intrapreneurship is similar to the traits required for entrepreneurship as recommended in Schumpeterian innovation. In a general view, the improvement of existing products and services and the use of administrative techniques, markets and technologies to conduct organizational operations such as marketing, produ ction, distribution and sale and establishing a change in organising, strategy and managing competitors are innovations made by the intrapreneurial researcher. Intrapreneurship is an important attribute that predicts the absolute growth of an organization and overcomes traditional bureaucratic barriers to adhere to high standards for open communications, assessment of business environment and the renewal of business policies to act proactively in the ever competitive marketplace. An intrapreneurial researcher plays a significant role in transition economies to adapt to the changing standards of developed economies to sustain the profitability and growth of existing organizations (Antoncic, B. Hisrich, R.D. 2001 p.495-527). Who are intrapreneurs? Intrapreneurs or in-house entrepreneurs are dreamers and doers who have the capability to accelerate the speed and improve the cost effectiveness of transferring technology to the market place. Traditional research methods ignore the services of the intrapreneur. This method does not yield a good result during product innovation because an outside researcher requires more time to understand the organisational objectives and therefore this kind of research is time consuming and expensive. The size of the budget and the extent of self sufficiency are important factors during innovation. A cost effective innovation emerges out of an organization when a person is passionate about bringing out an innovative concept and functions with enthusiasm to develop it using the available organisational system. This gives a new insight for the R D managers to recognize and understand the significance of intrapreneurs (Pinchot, G. 1987). Risk and Returns in intrapreneurial research Intrapreneurial research is carried out by intrapreneurs or employee entrepreneurs or intra-corporate entrepreneurs working within an organisation who risk something of value to achieve a greater objective. The risk may be in the form of the time required to accomplish a preliminary research or a business plan while simultaneously holding the responsibilities as a corporate manager. The risk may also include financial sacrifices in the way of cut down on increments until the successful accomplishment of the new business or a reduction of certain percent of salary until the bonus for accomplishment is declared. The intrapreneur has to negotiate the quantum of risk for each project with the management, since risk is a factor that tests and improves the drive and conviction of the intrapreneur. Further, the organization is bound by an implied contract to abstain from interrupting the actions of the intrapreneur unless in the case of poor performance. In the course of the prod uct development, the researcher intrapreneur must make use of the opportunity to create a value similar to capital. On successful completion of a research project, the intrapreneur has the right to avail rewards and incentives from the organization based on the completed research which is predetermined by a trusted committee. The amount of reward is calculated either as a fraction of the value of the project or on the basis of accounting systems of the organisation. Other than the cash bonus, the intrapreneur has total control over a specific amount of research and development funds which the intrapreneur can invest on behalf of the organization for future research projects. These funds are called intra-capital (Pinchot III, G. Pinchot, E.S. 1978). Who can become intrapreneurs? Intrapreneurial research is delegated to employees with a good performance record and business acumen during the initial stage of innovation. These traits enable a seasoned manager to face challenges with respect to the new venture efficiently (Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999 p.33). When an intrapreneur is given the responsibility in a large organization to work with the internal service intraprise, they tend to show more enthusiasm to achieve their mission because they are responsible to manage the internal profit centres. In the due course, intrapreneurs pay attention to notice the highest revenue generating function and use customer feedbacks to understand their requirements in a better, faster and cheaper manner (Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999P.36). The creativity in the intrapreneurs enable them to foresee how potential customers would envisage a new product (Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999P.37). The outcome of delegating responsibility in this manner is a complete intrapreneur ial organization that results in new vistas in productivity and innovation. Support from the organisation The organisation is also accountable while delegating intrapreneurial research. The organisation has to support the intrapreneurial researcher in terms of periodical coaching in addition to the initial workshop, and allocate essential resources. The extent of progress in the research has to be reviewed after six months and any obstacles identified in the research has to be rectified (Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999P.36). Intrapreneurship in research and development requires the intrapreneur to possess different levels of skill from the one possessed as a corporate manager. The strategies of traditional managers to follow existing hierarchical structures with less risk factor and more short term goals inhibits the flexibility, creativity and risk needed to accomplish innovative ventures. Therefore, while setting up intrapreneurship, encouragement from the organization to experiment new concepts together with an environment for voluntary intrapreneurship and the promotion of team work is essential. The intrapreneur must work within the organizational structure diplomatically with open discussions and support from team members and must be persistent to overcome unavoidable barriers (Hisrich et al. 2005 p.54). The intrapreneur also avails freedom and privilege in terms of exemptions from controls that exist in a large organization (McKenna, E.F.2000 p.241). Traits and tasks of intrapreneurs One of the most important qualities in an intrapreneurial researcher is the awareness about competitors. The awareness that customers have alternatives in the marketplace enables the intrapreneur to research and design innovative products by considering the reality. Intrapreneurial research entails the researcher to place positive concern over the product, generate leads for the products, ascertain the leads, respond to the needs of customers, explain the product, handle objections, close sale and offer after sale support (Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999 p.38) Intrapreneurship in research begins with a business plan. The early stage of a business plan is a mere fantasy which the intrapreneurial researcher has to transform into a reality. In the course of the transition various questions arise about the plausibility and consistency of the innovation. This step is followed by the research to find solutions to complex assumptions. On completion of the process, intrapreneurs obs erve the fact, and the errors in the innovation plan are then corrected to meet the actual objective of the research (Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999 p.39). Intrapreneurship and the organisation On completion of the research project, intrapreneur has to take the project to the business development stage by testing and validating the new concept. This is called proof of concept. In case the intrapreneur has conducted market testing for a product, the same can be provided as a proof to support the claim that there is market potential for the innovative venture (Alterowitz, R Zonderman,J. 2006 p.92). Conclusion It may be concluded that intrapreneurs are highly motivated, committed and proactive individuals who can sense opportunities in the market and employ entrepreneurial principals in the creation of innovative marketing decisions (Weaven, S.2004). Intrapreneurial researchers persistently reassess the dimensions that forecast, describe and design circumstances in which intrapreneurship flourish (Hornsby et al. 1993). These traits of an intrapreneurial researcher are also observed in an entrepreneur. References: Alterowitz, R Zonderman, J. 2006 Financing your business made easy California: Entrepreneur Press Antoncic, B. Hisrich, R.D. 2001 Intrapreneurship: Construct refinement and cross-cultural validation Journal of Business Venturing Vol.16, Iss.5, p.495-527 Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6VDH-42JYW56-4_user=10_rdoc=1_fmt=_orig=search_sort=d_docanchor=view=c_searchStrId=976947237_rerunOrigin=scholar.google_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=10e7cdbbcecfa450fc64c7d3d5982cef. Retrieved on August 14, 2009 Hornsby, J.S., Naffziger, D.W., Kuratko,D.F. Montagno, R.V. 1993 An Interactive Model of the Corporate Entrepreneurship Process Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, Vol. 17 https://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=5002192997. Retrieved on August 14, 2009 McKenna, E.F.2000 Business psychology and organisational behaviour: a students handbook New York: Psychology Press Pinchot III, G. Pinchot, E.S. (1978) Intra-Corporate Entrepreneurship Available: https://www.intrapreneur.com/MainPages/History/IntraCorp.html. Retrieved on August 14, 2009 Pinchot, G. (1987) Innovation through intrapreneuring Research Management Volume XXX No.2 Available: https://www.intrapreneur.com/MainPages/History/InnovThruIntra.html. Retrieved on August 14, 2009 Pinchot,G. Pellman, R. 1999 Intrapreneuring in action: a handbook for business innovation San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Hisrich, R.D., Peters, M.P. Shepherd,D.A. 2005 Entrepreneurship New York: McGraw Hill Professional Weaven, S. 2004 Intrapreneurial Behaviour within the Franchising Context Marketing Accountabilities and Responsibilities Conference Proceedings of ANZMAC 2004 Available: https://www98.griffith.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/10072/2340/1/26238_1.pdf. Retrieved on August 14, 2009

Identity Theft - 1365 Words

The Dangers of Identity Theft Sharae Ernst IFSM 201 – Summer 2012 8/3/2012 â€Å"Identity theft occurs when someone uses your personally identifying information (PII), like your name, Social Security number, or credit card number, without your permission, to commit fraud or other crimes.† (Fighting Back Against Identity Theft: Federal Trade Commission). According to the Federal Trade Commission, identity theft complaints have decreased since year 2008 (314,521 to 250,854). It is estimated by the FTC that as many as 9 million Americans have their identities stolen each year. As information technology progresses along with society, there is always an increased risk of having one’s identity stolen. â€Å"Identity theft was the number one†¦show more content†¦They use all of this information to impersonate their victims, usually in a short amount of time before being noticed. It is best to not use a debit card to make purchases in this day and age, since a victim will most likely be responsible for the total amount of the loss depending on how quickly they report the loss to the financial institution. In addition, their checking accounts are usually depleted completely. â€Å"Generally, victims of credit card fraud are liable for no more than the first $50 of the loss. (Truth in Lending Act, Fair Credit Billing Act, 15 USC sec. 1601) In most cases, the victim will not be required to pay any part of the loss.† (Coping with Identity Theft: Reducing the Risk of Fraud, 2012). Due to the common occurrence of identity theft, it is imperative to find ways to prevent having one’s identity stolen. One of the most important and best ways to avoid this unfortunate incident is to obtain a copy of one’s credit report from one or all three of the credit bureaus, preferably on a regular basis. There are several ways to do this, some of them free of charge. 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The purpose of my project is to help make people aware of these dangers on the internet and how to protect themselves to the best of their abilities. I chose to focus on â€Å"phishing† a new kind of internet theft where millions of e-mails are sent out to vulnerable consumers. This is a serious dangerRead More Identity Theft Essay2149 Words   |  9 PagesIdentity Theft Law enforcement officials have stated that identity theft crime has been one of the fastest growing crimes in the United States. Identity theft is also one of the fastest growing white collar crimes. This is a serious crime. Identity theft is the act of knowingly transferring or using without lawful authority, a means of identification of another person with the intent to commit, or to aid or abet, any unlawful activity that constitutes a violation of federal law, or that constitutesRead MoreIdentity Theft Essay1833 Words   |  8 PagesIdentity Theft What is identity theft? 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Health Promotion on Copd free essay sample

This essay will be discussing the health promotion role of a nurse looking after a patient that has Chronic Obstuctive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) . The essay will focus on a 65 year old gentleman Mr Abraham who has been admitted into a general medical ward,with an acute exacerbation of COPD. Mr Abraham is well known to the ward as he is admitted regularly, the ward staff are aware of the fact that he continues to smoke and uses his inhalers incorrectly. World Health Organisation (WHO 2010) state Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible. Patient UK(2008) state an exacerbation of COPD can be defined as a sustained worsening of a patients symptoms from his/her usual stable state that is beyond normal day-to-day variations, and is acute in onset. Commonly reported symptoms are worsening breathlessness cough, increased sputum production and change in sputum colour. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Promotion on Copd or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The risk factors which can predispose a person to be more prone to acquiring COPD are cigarette and cigar smoking,exposure to inhaled pollutants ,recurrent respiratory tract infections ,Age Process ,Male Sex, Family history of COPD, Air pollution,  (ONeill ,2002). COPD can be brought on by many of these   factors but the majority of cases are brought on by smoking. Mr Abraham has continued smoking which has made his   COPD progress in its pace and he has recurrent exacerbations placing him in hospital . The nurse and Mr Abraham will need to explore ways which which will give Mr Abraham the health education to aid him in a bid to reduce /stop smoking . Mr Abraham is also not using his inhalers correctly and the nurse can show Mr Abraham   how   to use his inhalers correctly by teaching him how to use them this will help Mr Abrahams health and reduce the onset and severity of his exacerbations. The National Service framework (NSF) is a government policy used in the United Kingdom (UK). The NSF for long-term conditions was made to set national standards and identify key things that can be done for people with a particular long term condition and put in place strategies that support the implementation of these standards to ensure people have access to the care they are entitled too. NSFs try to cut down the amount of hospital stays people with long-term illnesses stay and for them to be able to manage their condition in the community. The NSF for long-term conditions is mainly written for people affected with neurological conditions but it has been used as a guideline for other long-term conditions such as COPD. (DOH 2009). The Department of Health (DOH) and The British Lung Foundation (BLF) are working together to create a NSF specifically for COPD this will be implemented as a national policy for the whole of England it will ensure everyone affected by COPD will have the same high standards of care regardless of were they live in the UK, this will also outline the minimum standards of treatment that people with COPD can expect to receive in their local area. BLF 2009) According to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Code of Professional Conduct (2008), nurses and midwives must protect and promote the health and well-being of patients in their care and also their families. They must work in an open and co-operative way with other members of the multi disciplinary team by encouraging the independence of patients and showing respect with regards with their involvement in the planning and delivery of care. The health professional will promote and respect the dignity of Mr Abraham and cater to his needs and concerns without discriminating against him because of his condition. The health professional will help Mr Abraham by gaining access to information from the internet and hospital leaflets   regarding COPD management so he can learn about how to decrease his COPD exacerbations. It is very important to play a key role in empowering Mr Abraham to cut down on how much he smokes in order for him to be able to manage his condition well, which will help him understand the value of health and understand some of the known complications of   COPD (NMC 2009). Prochaska and DiClemente(1984)   deals with intentional behavioural change and views change as a process rather than an event. The change process is characterised by six stages of change. These include the precontemplation,contemplation,preparation,action,maintenance and relapse which can occur at any stage in any part of the cycle. Relating to Mr Abraham scenario he is presumed to be in the precontemplation stage of the Procheska and Di-Clemente model (1984)The scenario set is he is well known to the ward he has been admitted   numerous times due to having exacerbations of COPD . Furthermore Mr Abraham is fully aware that smoking contributes and makes an impact on his health condition however there are no clear indications in him willing to take steps to quit smoking and he is also hesitant to consider the possibility of change. Before the model of change can begin, the nurse should develop a non-judgemental supportive therapeutic relationship with Mr Abraham which will enable   the nurse to know him better and see what his triggers are and what challenges he faces in his everyday life . The health professional should inform and empower him about health issues to improve his health. Before action the nurse should discuss with Mr Abraham his understanding of his condition, what support he would like and what his goals are and how much time he wants to get there . Mr Abraham needs to be given choices and empowered when given information regarding his health to enable him to become knowledgeable about his condition. The nurse should empower Mr Abraham to make decisions on his illness and discuss what actions Mr Abraham is willing to take to improve his quality of life. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2009) code of conduct states that consent should be obtained from the patient as to whether they require your help and support. To help Mr Abraham progress through the stages of change model the health professional should encourage re-evaluation of Mr Abrahams current behaviour pattern and provide Mr Abraham with relevant information that would help him stop smoking. The contemplation phase The nurse will discuss the smoking cessation process and inform him of Nicotine Replacement Therapy products such as patches chewing gum ,nasal sprays . The nurse will explore with Mr Abraham the benefits of him quitting smoking would have on his health and his finances. Preparation Stage is were the the nurse can engage Mr Abraham in exercise which can allow Mr Abraham to set goals using the SMART objectives which are goals that are specific,measurable,achievable,reliable, and time framed. Mr Abraham and the nurse will discuss the triggers which lead him to smoke and discuss other things he enjoys which could replace a cigarette, Procheska and DiClemente model encourages change at a small amount at a time. For example Mr Abraham may be going through 8 cigarette a day the nurse and him could look at ways in which he could look to cutting back   by having one every 3hours . In time if Mr Abraham   could consider having one cigarette 4 hourly . The nurse could also address the question Mr Abraham had initially asked as to why he is repeatedly readmitted and explain to him that by him preparing to change his lifestyle reduce his smoking habit how that makes a huge impact to his health helping to reduce his number of re-admissions. The nurse will be able to assess Mr Abrahams inhaler technique and with his consent the nurse will refer him to a specialist respiratory nurse who would be able to teach him inhaler techniques . Written information such as leaflets will also be provided for Mr Abraham as a reminder of the key issues and techniques they would have discussed to help him change his behaviour. The next stage is the Action stage this is the stage in which Mr Abraham is expected to put words into action and beginning to practice the smart goals that would have been set in the preparation stage. This stage is in which the nurse will re-evaluate current behaviour , restructure cues. The health care professional will give Mr Abraham support, encouragement to reach his goals. Mr Abraham should attempt to start activities which he enjoys by doing so Mr Abraham will be reducing his stress levels and will be distracted from the urge to smoke. The following stage is maintenance stage this is when an individual is trying to maintain their new behavioural change and it can take up to several months to get to this stage. The nurse will discuss with Mr Abraham of what benefits he is feeling in himself and if he feels his health ,finances and social life have improved. Mr Abraham may experience some ethical dilemmas and influences at this stage this will determine if Mr Abraham will maintain his new attitude to changing and be able to maintain his situation until he gets complete control over his lifestyle. The relapse stage can occur at any part of the stages of change model and its when the patient can revert to old behaviour The nurse should explain relapse does not mean failure Mr Abraham can acknowledge this stage it would give him an opportunity to explore the challenges he is going through and analyse the goals he would have set himself as to whether the goals set were too big or he had not given himself enough time. According to Procheska et al (1992) a professional worker involved in the care of people affected by COPD will need to evaluate triggers for the patient relapsing,reassess motivation techniques,barriers affecting change and devise stronger coping strategies. Mr Abraham may encounter some barriers as he attempts to change his behaviour. These could be in his support network as in peers may not be very supportive of him trying to quit smoking . Mr Abraham may also have lack of education on his medication and may not see the importance of taking his inhalers to relieve his symptoms so the nurse will need to educate Mr Abraham about his medication and give him written information to go home with. The nurse should encourage and   empower Mr Abraham to take control of his health and make informed decisions on how he is going to change his lifestyle. In conclusion the essay topic has highlighted the importance of identifying people affected with COPD and the different needs of individuals affected . The NSF for long-term conditions is helpful by having set standards for all patients affected with a long-term condition in the UK. The essay has also highlighted the benefit a separate NSF would be required to aid patients suffering COPD and there to be governmental standards set in the care they would receive . The Procheska and Diclemente model of change was discussed and explored the way in which a patient can go from thinking about change to implementing change and then relapsing and going back a step change is a slow process and it requires   the patient to want to change. This essay was service user based as the patient was involved in their plan of care and it was a process of change.